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Location and Geography
NCTF 135 HA Overview
The location of NCTF 135 HA is situated near the town of **Reigate**, within the county of _Surrey_ in southeastern England.
Surrey forms part of the _Home Counties_, a group of counties that encircle London and are generally associated with affluent suburbs and commuter towns.
The region’s geography features rolling hills, woodlands, and picturesque countryside, reflecting its position on the **North Downs** – a chalk escarpment stretching from Hampshire to Kent.
Reigate itself is nestled in a valley surrounded by _heathland_ and woodlands, which supports a diverse range of flora and fauna. The town’s built-up area lies along the north-south axis of the A217 road.
The nearby Collage Wood – a mixed woodland with coniferous and deciduous trees – serves as an example of the _woodland_ habitats found within Surrey.
To the west, the landscape shifts towards more _arable land_, where crops like wheat, barley, and potatoes are cultivated under intensive farming practices.
The _geology_ of the region is primarily composed of **chalk**, which is a type of soft, white limestone formed from the skeletal remains of microscopic marine plankton. The chalk landscape gives rise to the characteristic grassy ridges and valleys that dominate the North Downs.
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NCTF 135 HA’s location offers a mix of _woodland_, _heathland_, and agricultural landscapes – providing opportunities for various land-use activities such as forestry, agriculture, and conservation efforts.
NCTF 135 HA is a geospatial reference system near Reigate, Surrey, UK.
NCTF 135 HA is a geospatial reference system that serves as a geographic coordinate on the Ordnance Survey (OS) National Grid system in the United Kingdom.
The National Grid system is a network of intersecting eastings-westings and northings used to pinpoint locations across Great Britain, with NCTF 135 HA being one of these specific references.
Near Reigate in Surrey, this location is situated within a grid square that intersects the OS national grid east-west lines at an easterly value of 135, and north-south lines at a northerly value denoted as HA.
The ‘HA’ or ‘Square’ part in NCTF grid references relates to a larger 1km x 1km square area on the Ordnance Survey National Grid. This means that locations with the same east-west and north-south numbers will be within the same large square, but not necessarily at the exact centre of it.
Reigate in Surrey is situated approximately at OS national grid reference TQ215595. The town is positioned near the A217 road, which runs southwest to northeast through the area. This location provides a glimpse into the geography surrounding Reigate and its nearby features such as the North Downs, an escarpment of chalk hills that stretch east-west.
With NCTF 135 HA providing the exact reference point, one can navigate or understand how this specific location fits within the broader geographical landscape of Surrey and its surrounding regions. This information becomes more significant in mapping and geographic analysis when pinpointing features, such as property boundaries, within the National Grid system.
Furthermore, using NCTF 135 HA in conjunction with other geospatial references can aid in understanding environmental factors like land use patterns, population density, or even potential areas for natural resource management. The significance of accurate geographic location cannot be overstated in various applications such as urban planning, emergency response services, and agricultural development.
Given the precision it provides within the National Grid system, NCTF 135 HA is an indispensable reference point not just for pinpointing exact locations but also for understanding how these locations interact with their broader geographical contexts.
This area falls within the Ordnance Survey’s (OS) grid square TL155655.
The area in question falls within the Ordnance Survey’s (OS) grid square TL155655, which provides a precise geographical location for reference.
Near Reigate, Surrey, this location is situated approximately midway between London and Guildford, both of which are significant urban centers in southeastern England.
The Ordnance Survey grid system assigns each area a unique square identifier, with TL designating the zone within which it falls (the ‘T’ indicating that the area lies southeast of the Greenwich meridian). The numbers 155655 represent the coordinates that pinpoint this exact location.
Within Surrey, Reigate is known for its historic town center and surrounding hills, forming part of the North Downs. This specific location likely benefits from views across the Reigate countryside and possibly overlooks nearby woodland areas or farmland.
The geographical landscape around TL155655 in Surrey includes a mix of rolling hills, woodlands, and cultivated land. The region’s geology is characterized by sandstone, chalk, and flint deposits from various periods of the geological past, contributing to its diverse topography.
Climate-wise, this area experiences an oceanic climate, with cool winters, mild springs, and warm summers, typical for southern England. Temperate and relatively stable conditions allow for a variety of flora to thrive in the region, including woodland species like oak, beech, and birch trees.
Human settlements and land use patterns have also shaped this geography over time. Agricultural practices dominate much of the countryside, while small communities and villages like Reigate itself offer essential services and amenities for residents and visitors alike.
The Ordnance Survey grid square provides a framework that helps in pinpointing locations such as TL155655 within Surrey’s landscape. This location serves as just one example of how geographic referencing tools assist us in navigating and understanding the complex relationships between human settlements and their environmental contexts.
Geological Composition
Lithology and Structural Features
The geological composition of the area around NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey, is primarily composed of Cretaceous and Early Tertiary deposits.
The Lower Greensand Formation, which is a geological formation that spans from the Barremian to the Aptian ages, forms the base of the sequence in this area.
This unit is characterized by its glauconitic sandstones, sandy silts, and glauconite-rich clays that have undergone significant weathering and alteration.
Overlying the Lower Greensand Formation is a thick sequence of the Gault Clay Formation, which dates back to the Aptian age.
The Gault Clay is composed of a range of lithologies including greenish-grey claystone, grey-brown clay, and occasional thin beds of sandy limestone or glauconitic sand.
Further up the section, we find the Upper Chalk Formation, which makes up most of the sequence in this area and forms an important component of the NCTF 135 HA site’s lithology.
The Upper Chalk is primarily composed of white chalky marls that have undergone varying degrees of bioturbation, erosion, and weathering over time.
The structural features of the NCTF 135 HA site near Reigate, Surrey, are dominated by a series of gentle folds and faults related to the folding of the Chalk Group in this area.
The folds are characterized by their low amplitude, moderate wavelength, and north-northwest trending axes that parallel the local trend of the chalk outcrop.
The faults, which range from small-scale normal faults to more significant reverse faults, have been responsible for the break-up of the original Chalk Group deposits into smaller blocks and lenses.
The terrain surrounding NCTF 135 HA is primarily composed of Cretaceous and Jurassicera rocks, including chalk and sandstone.
The geological composition of the terrain surrounding NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey is characterized by the presence of rocks from two distinct eras: Cretaceous and Jurassic.
The Cretaceous era rocks, which date back to approximately 145-100 million years ago, are primarily composed of chalk. Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock that is formed from the compression and cementation of microscopic fossils, particularly those of planktonic organisms.
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The presence of both Cretaceous and Jurassic era rocks in this region suggests a complex geological history, with the area undergoing multiple phases of tectonic activity and erosion over millions of years. This has resulted in a diverse range of geological formations, including the distinctive chalk hills and valleys that characterize the Surrey landscape.
The terrain surrounding NCTF 135 HA also features other notable geological features, including faults and joints. These structural elements have played a significant role in shaping the local geology and influencing the distribution of rocks and minerals in the area.
These geologic formations have been shaped by tectonic uplift and erosion over millions of years, resulting in a gently sloping landscape.
The geological composition of the area surrounding the NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey, consists of a range of rocks that have been shaped by tectonic uplift and erosion over millions of years.
The underlying bedrock is primarily composed of Chalk, a soft white limestone formed from the remains of microscopic marine plankton. The chalk has been heavily eroded over time, resulting in a gently sloping landscape characterized by rolling hills and valleys.
In addition to the chalk, there are also deposits of Tertiary Sand and Gravel present in some areas of the NCTF 135 HA. These deposits have been formed from river gravels and sands that were transported and deposited during a period of elevated sea levels in the Tertiary era.
The uppermost layer of soil is typically composed of Topsoil, which has been formed through the weathering of the underlying chalk bedrock over thousands of years. The topsoil is often dark brown or black in color and can be several meters deep, depending on factors such as the rate of erosion and vegetation cover.
The geological composition of the area surrounding the NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey, has been shaped by a combination of tectonic uplift, weathering, and erosion. The gently sloping landscape is characterized by rolling hills and valleys, with deposits of chalk and Tertiary Sand and Gravel present beneath the surface.
Environmental Factors
Climatic Conditions and Ecological Features
The NCTF (North Downs Training Facility) 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey, encompasses a diverse range of environmental factors that significantly influence its climatic conditions and ecological features.
Geologically, the area is situated on the North Downs Formation, comprising chalk deposits from the Cretaceous period. This underlying geology has shaped the local topography, with rolling hills and gentle slopes prevalent throughout the site.
The climate of NCTF 135 HA is classified as temperate maritime, characterized by mild winters and cool summers. The proximity to the North Downs and surrounding hills creates a microclimate, which can lead to localized temperature and precipitation variations.
Temperature fluctuations are moderate, with average annual temperatures ranging from 3°C to 22°C (37°F to 72°F). Annual rainfall is significant, averaging around 700 mm (28 in), with most precipitation occurring during the autumn and winter months. This leads to lush vegetation growth during the spring and summer periods.
Ecologically, NCTF 135 HA supports a rich array of flora and fauna. The area’s diverse habitats include deciduous woodlands, chalk downland, and hedgerows, which attract various bird species, such as red kites, buzzards, and skylarks. Mammals like roe deer, rabbits, and hares inhabit the site, while insects, including butterflies and bees, are also present.
Vegetation varies across the site, with areas of mature woodland featuring oak, hazel, and birch trees alongside undergrowth dominated by wild garlic, bluebells, and ferns. Grasslands support species such as red fescue, sweet vernal grass, and wild marjoram. The hedgerows are a key habitat for small mammals, birds, and insects.
The North Downs Training Facility’s unique combination of environmental factors creates an ideal location for various military training exercises, including fieldcraft, reconnaissance, and combat skills. The site’s diverse ecosystems also provide opportunities for ecological research, conservation, and environmental education.
Reigate’s proximity to the North Downs and the Weald suggests that NCTF 135 HA likely experiences a temperate maritime climate, with mild winters and cool summers.
The North Downs and the Weald surrounding Reigate contribute to the temperate maritime climate experienced by NCTF 135 HA. This region’s geography plays a crucial role in shaping its local climate conditions.
The North Downs, an elevated chalk plateau, affects air movements and temperature patterns in the area. The escarpment created by this geological feature disrupts prevailing westerly winds, resulting in a modified microclimate that is distinct from the rest of the country.
During the winter months, NCTF 135 HA typically experiences mild temperatures due to its proximity to the North Downs and the Weald. The moderating influence of the sea and the presence of trees and vegetation help maintain relatively warm conditions, reducing the occurrence of harsh winters.
Conversely, summer temperatures remain cool in this area, with the effects of the North Downs’ elevation contributing to a decrease in daytime temperatures. This is due to the land surface’s inability to absorb heat efficiently at higher elevations, resulting in cooler summers compared to lower-lying areas.
The combination of maritime and continental influences on NCTF 135 HA creates an ideal environment for plant growth. The temperate climate allows for a diverse range of flora, including deciduous trees such as oak and beech, which thrive in the region’s conditions.
Additionally, the proximity to water sources within the Weald further enhances the local microclimate, providing moisture and moderating temperature extremes. This has led to the development of lush vegetation, supporting an ecosystem rich in biodiversity.
The synergy between topography and climate plays a pivotal role in shaping NCTF 135 HA’s environment, producing unique conditions that are distinct from surrounding areas.
The local flora may include deciduous woodland species such as oak and hazel, alongside grasses and wildflowers native to southern England.
The local environment surrounding the NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey is characterized by a diverse range of flora and fauna that have adapted to the region’s temperate maritime climate.
Deciduous woodland species such as oak (Quercus robur) and hazel (Corylus avellana) are prominent features of the landscape, providing shade and habitat for various plant and animal species.
The woodland floor is carpeted with a variety of grasses and wildflowers, including native species to southern England such as bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), primroses (Primula vulgaris), and wood anemones (Anemone nemorosa).
The local flora plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of the area, supporting a rich array of plant and animal life, including insects, birds, and small mammals.
Some of the key environmental factors to consider when exploring the NCTF 135 HA include:
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The presence of woodland edges, which provide habitat for species such as the woodlark (Lullula arborea) and the nightingale (Luscinia luscinia).
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The variety of tree species present in the woodland, including oak, hazel, and ash (Fraxinus excelsior), which offer different types of food and shelter for wildlife.
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The range of grassland habitats, from wet meadows to dry heathlands, each supporting unique communities of plants and animals.
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The influence of the local geology on soil type, moisture levels, and temperature gradients, which in turn affect plant growth and species distribution.
Understanding these environmental factors is essential for appreciating the complex relationships between living organisms and their surroundings within the NCTF 135 HA near Reigate, Surrey.
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